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James Trubshaw
James Trubshaw (13 February 1777 – 28 October 1853) was an English builder, architect and civil engineer.〔(Anon. (1854) Obituary.—Mr. James Trubshaw, C.E. ''The Gentleman's Magazine'', Vol. XLI, 97–100 ) (accessed 16 October 2007)〕〔(Carlyle EI. 'Trubshaw, James (1777–1853)', Harrington R (revd), ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford University Press, 2004) ) (accessed 16 October 2007)〕 His civil engineering works include the construction of the Grosvenor Bridge in Chester, Cheshire, then the longest stone span. He also pioneered the technique of underexcavation with the straightening the leaning tower of St Chad's in Wybunbury, Cheshire.
==Early life and career==
He was born to stonemason, builder and engineering contractor, James Trubshaw and his second wife Elizabeth (née Webb), at the Mount near Colwich in Staffordshire, the second son in a family of seven sons and two daughters.〔〔〔(Johnston G, Burland J. An early example of the use of underexcavation to stabilise the tower of St Chad, Wybunbury in 1832 ) (accessed 15 October 2007)〕 He was educated in Rugeley, but left school aged only eleven to start work in his father's business.〔 His earliest experience included working on buildings such as Sandon Hall, Fonthill Abbey, Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle. In 1795, he worked on Wolseley Bridge near Colwich, and many of his early projects were bridges.〔〔
On the death of his father in 1808, Trubshaw started a building business in Stone; an early commission was to build Ashcombe Hall.〔〔(Images of England: Ashcombe Park ) (accessed 17 October 2007)〕 He worked for a time in partnership with the Lichfield architect Thomas Johnson (1794–1865), who was to become his son-in-law.〔(Greenslade MW (ed.). 'Lichfield: Economic history', in ''A History of the County of Stafford'', Vol. 14, pp. 109–131, (1990) ) (accessed 16 October 2007)〕〔(The Incorporated Church Building Society: Thomas Johnson ) (accessed 16 October 2007)〕 In 1827, Trubshaw became a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, and presented several papers there.〔〔(Manby C (ed.) (1854–5) ''Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers; with Abstracts of the Discussions'' Vol. XIV, 142–146 )〕 He later became the chief engineer of the Trent and Mersey Canal Company, and superintended the construction of reservoirs, feeders and railways for the company.〔
Although he received only a limited education, he was a gifted practical engineer.〔 His obituary in ''The Gentleman's Magazine'' described him as a man "of original genius, of great natural talent, and persevering energy ... gifted with an instinctive perception of all great mechanical principles, uniformly guided by excellent common sense."〔
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